Sunday, May 13, 2012

SUDOKU

I love Sudoku! In fact you could say I am addicted to Sudoku.   When the Globe and Mail arrives at my house every day I make sure to get to it first to get my hands on the Sudoku puzzles.

Where does this math game come from? How long has it been around? I have been an avid fan for many years, but have wondered where this addicting game originated? I decided to do some research.

As it turns out, Sudoku is the name the world has come to know of this puzzle in its present form. The puzzle game’s true beginning is not Japanese despite how it sounds.   Depending on how rigid you define what really constitutes a Sudoku puzzle, you can in fact trace its evolution through a long string of paper and pencil puzzles in history. The first shape of Sudoku can be seen from the magic squares appearing in China around 1000 BC or earlier if you go along this route.
As we know it today, Sudoku has a much more recent history.  Although its roots may be from China, the name Sudoku originated from Japan. It is made up of two Japanese words ‘Su’ meaning digit or number and ‘Doku’ meaning single or alone. So in English, Sudoku means "single digit," or "a number by itself."   Who knew?
In the late 19th century, number puzzles based on the magic squares started to appear in French newspapers. Such weekly puzzles became a feature of the French newspapers until about the time of the First World War.
According to the prestigious and ubiquitous source “Google” The first recognizable Sudoku puzzle was published in May 1979 by Dell Magazines in their Dell Pencil Puzzles and Word Games known as "Number Place" in those days. The game was thought to be designed by Howards Garns. Garns was a retired American architect and a freelance puzzle creator born in Indiana. Number Place became popular in the mid-1980s in Japan after being picked up and renamed Sudoku by the Japanese Nikoli company. Then in 2005, Sudoku became an international hit after The Times of London started printing it in November 2004. Howards Garns, the inventor who made the first modern Sudoku, however didn't live to see the day as he died in October 1989 at the age of 84.
Today, Sudoku appears in many daily newspapers worldwide, there are also numerous websites that allow the game to play at varying levels of difficulty. The appeal of Sudoku can be attributed to both its exceptionally simple rules for beginners and various sophisticated techniques to sustain the interests of the more experienced players.
Could Sudoku be incorporated into the Classroom…Why not?
In a world where children are spending more and more time watching mindless television and/or playing video games all the time why not have them learn to think critically in the classroom? It just might transfer to outside the classroom as well. With millions and millions of Sudoku puzzles available at different difficulty levels students could become hooked no matter how old they are. In fact, one of the beautiful features of Sudoku is that it can be easily adapted to varying degrees of difficulty from grade 1 to University level.  To me it is a no brainer to use this to teach arithmetic, strategy, and persistence. 
Possible ways of integrating Sudoku in your classroom:

  • As a whole class activity, with a white board or projector at the front of the class
  • As a time filler for odd moments during the day
  • As a “reward” when a child finishes work early
  • At the beginning of the day, placed on the desk for children to do when they come into the classroom and settle down
  • As a weekend activity or fun homework 
  • As a daily challenge
Research states that, “children as young as 5 years old can enjoy the puzzles while at the same time developing their logical thinking, extending their concentration, and building their confidence.” The educational role of Sudoku has been confirmed in a variety of academic studies in recent literature.

There is just one caveat for Sudoku though “May be habit forming,” should be included in Sudoku puzzles, but as habits go this would be a good one to have.

Resources:

Links to puzzles:

Friday, May 11, 2012

Glogster

*** ATTENTION ***

Do YOU enjoy new and exciting ways to teach Math?


Tired of all your standard poster assignments? Then you'll love this new and interactive online poster creation site called Glogster.

Check out their site now - http://edu.glogster.com/

      I believe I did mention this interactive online program during one of my earlier posts in the course, so I figured why not discuss this innovative creation here. I know it is hard to come up with new, exciting and engaging ways to teach math, or to observe what students have learned. Last year, I made the discovery of this little gem.

       Basically the site allows you to make a poster. "Oh fantastic, another poster project..." That's right I can read your mind! However, this is not true! Like I said glogster is an interactive poster experience!
Students can not only add images and text to their poster but interactive media too! Students can add animated pictures, videos and music to their posters in order to create something unique, individual and fun! 


    Of course there is a fee for the educational version of this online software. However, once mentioned to my administrators there was no problem paying the minimal fee. (It is approx. 99$ for a year with 200 accounts or 30$ for 50 accounts) 

     The program does have it's own bank of educational videos and images that could helps students, not only in math, but in all subject matters. This bank can be used to create the poster or if the students are unsatisfied they can also upload their own material (photos and videos) if need be.

     Here, I have included a few screenshots of an assignment I have given my students in the past. I had asked my grade 7 and 8 intermediate students (remember I teach in French) to explain the principles of positive and negative integers as well as explain adding and subtracting fractions. (on two different glogster posters - screenshots are of these projects) I was pleasantly surprised by the results and they made for a good formative assignment to make sure everyone understood the concepts! 

     There is also a regular everyday version of the site for those who wish to exploit other hobbies or habits. (Sort of like pinterest)

    I hope this is useful and if you have any questions about glogster I could certainly try to help.





Wednesday, May 9, 2012

Creative Education


Ultimately any content that we teach our students, the required material/content that is covered, can and likely will be forgotten, at least to some degree by them at some point at a future date.  We obviously need to cover this material, but the best part of the curriculum, and result of any education is developing the student’s ability to solve problems, think for him/her self and to simply gain the ability to be able to be a self-directed learner.  During the past decade we have seen a huge push from inculcation to problem solving pedagogy.  Most of us, if not all of us who completed our elementary and secondary education over ten years ago know how we sat in our chairs, were told how to do something, and were expected to reproduce, step by step what we saw.  Granted this did work for some of us, but if it wasn’t us who struggled, we had some close friends who struggled, and despite the fact that they were absolutely brilliant it was not their learning style and they, or we struggled immensely as a result of this style of teaching.

During the past two years, we have seen an even greater exodus from the old methods, to promotion of creative thinking skills and problem solving strategies.  What better place for this kind of skill development than in the confines of our mathematics classrooms?  Carefully crafted questions can force our students to be able to push themselves beyond the days of “here is how you do it,” to “these are some things that I can try until I figure it out.”

If we truly believe in student success, we know that success in life transcends success in the classroom; it is success in life for our students that we are ultimately shooting for.  When they leave our classrooms, they are heading into the world equipped with some content, yes, but the rapid changing world dictates that the content needed tomorrow, does not even exist today and that problem solving skills and the ability to learn will make all the difference.  So, let’s multiply our efforts in assisting our students in becoming strong problem solvers and creative thinkers.